free-exercise-clause

44 cases — ← All topics

Case Title Lower Court Docketed Status Flags Tags Question Presented
25-703 Calvary Chapel San Jose, et al. v. California, et al. California 2025-12-17 Pending Amici (7) church-autonomy covid-restrictions excessive-fines free-exercise-clause religious-liberty strict-scrutiny At issue in this case is the ability of government to referee religious services in a house of worship. Government officials in California imposed COV…
25-6392 Christopher Tyler Bray v. Texas Texas 2025-12-17 Denied IFP constitutional-law establishment-clause first-amendment free-exercise-clause government-interest religious-freedom What is the meaning of religion as it concerns the Free Exercise Clause and the Establishment Clause of the 1st Amendment, and what are the implicatio…
25-394 Beit Ha Kavod v. City of Canton, Ohio Ohio 2025-10-02 Denied building-codes constitutional-rights first-amendment free-exercise-clause municipal-law religious-discrimination The question presented is whether a municipality enforcing building codes violates the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment to the United State…
25-256 Libby Hilsenrath, on Behalf of Her Minor Child, C. H. v. Chathams School District Board of Education Third Circuit 2025-09-04 Denied establishment-clause first-amendment free-exercise-clause parental-rights public-school religious-freedom Whether a public school violates the Establishment Clause by assigning content that proselytizes for, extols, and gives favored treatment to Islam (or…
25-133 Joseph Miller, et al. v. James V. McDonald, Commissioner, New York State Department of Health, et al. Second Circuit 2025-08-04 GVR Amici (17) constitutional-law first-amendment free-exercise-clause religious-exemption secular-exemption smith-precedent 1. Whether a law that categorically disallows religious exemptions but permits secular exemptions and other comparable secular activity violates the F…
24-7510 Beit Ha Kavod v. City of Canton, Ohio Ohio 2025-06-26 Denied Response WaivedIFP building-codes constitutional-law first-amendment free-exercise-clause municipal-regulation religious-discrimination The question presented is whether a municipality enforcing building codes violates the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment to the United State…
24A987 Joseph Miller, et al. v. James V. McDonald, Commissioner, New York State Department of Health, et al. Second Circuit 2025-04-16 Presumed Complete amish-community employment-division-v-smith first-amendment free-exercise-clause religious-exemption vaccination-mandate Question not identified.
24-5844 Kimberly Edelstein v. Max Edelstein Ohio 2024-10-29 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP constitutional-rights contract-law due-process free-exercise-clause neutral-principles religious-marriage 1. Does the Ohio court's dedsiofi to invalidate a Jewish Ketufaah as an unenforceable "promise to marry " and void as against public policy conflict w…
24-396 St. Isidore of Seville Catholic Virtual School v. Gentner Drummond, Attorney General of Oklahoma, ex rel. Oklahoma Oklahoma 2024-10-09 Judgment Issued Relisted (3) charter-schools establishment-clause free-exercise-clause pedagogical-choice religious-discrimination state-action 1. Whether the academic and pedagogical choices of a privately owned and run school constitute state action simply because it contracts with the state…
24-394 Oklahoma Statewide Charter School Board, et al. v. Gentner Drummond, Attorney General of Oklahoma, ex rel. Oklahoma Oklahoma 2024-10-09 Judgment Issued Amici (2)Relisted (3) charter-schools educational-rights establishment-clause free-exercise-clause religious-discrimination state-action This Court has "repeatedly held that a State violates the Free Exercise Clause when it excludes religious observers from otherwise available public be…
24-297 Tamer Mahmoud, et al. v. Thomas W. Taylor, et al. Fourth Circuit 2024-09-16 Judgment Issued Amici (80)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (3) first-amendment-rights free-exercise-clause gender-instruction parental-rights religious-liberty school-curriculum Do public schools burden parents' religious exercise when they compel elementary school children to participate in instruction on gender and sexuality…
24-291 Apache Stronghold v. United States, et al. Ninth Circuit 2024-09-13 Denied Amici (15)Relisted (18) free-exercise-clause government-action native-american-rights religious-exercise religious-freedom-restoration-act sacred-site Whether the government "substantially burdens" religious exercise under RFRA, or must satisfy heightened scrutiny under the Free Exercise Clause, when…
23-915 Pleasant View Baptist Church, et al. v. Andrew Beshear Sixth Circuit 2024-02-23 Denied Response Waived 42-usc-1983 burden-of-proof civil-rights constitutional-rights covid-19-restrictions free-exercise free-exercise-clause qualified-immunity state-actor 1. Whether qualified immunity applies to a state actor who, despite multiple circuit court decisions directing him not to burden religious activities …
23-6429 Jan M. Gawlik v. Scott Semple, et al. Second Circuit 2024-01-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP administrative-remedies due-process free-exercise free-exercise-clause mailbox-rule property-rights religious-exercise rluipa summary-judgment WHERE THE CONNECTICUT DISTRICT-COURT -FAILED TO UTILIZE THE,"MAILBOX RULE", WITHIN PLAINTIFFS TIMELY SUBMISSION OF HIS ADMINISTRATIVE RE-MEDIES/EXHAUS…
23-481 Temple of 1001 Buddhas, et al. v. City of Fremont, California Ninth Circuit 2023-11-07 Denied Response RequestedRelisted (2) 42-usc-1983 civil-rights constitutional-rights disparate-treatment first-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause municipal-liability searching-review section-1983 1. Whether a state municipality can be held liable under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 when decision rights and associated impingements on free exercise are distri…
22-1093 Mark Anthony Spell, et al. v. John Bel Edwards, et al. Fifth Circuit 2023-05-09 Denied Amici (4)Response Waived church-assembly church-state-separation establishment-clause first-amendment founders-intent free-exercise free-exercise-clause religious-freedom religious-liberty state-restrictions This is a vital case of first impression concerning our most sacred rights of religious freedom and the very nature of the Church and State as separat…
22-108 Richard R. Watkinson v. Alaska Department of Corrections, et al. Ninth Circuit 2022-08-03 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (5) free-exercise free-exercise-clause government-neutrality prisoner-rights religious-accommodation religious-accommodations rluipa strict-scrutiny substantial-burden 1. Does the Free Exercise Clause permit a prison to deny accommodations to the Petitioner for his religious exercise that it already allows for secula…
21-1295 St. Augustine School, et al. v. Jill Underly, in Her Official Capacity as Superintendent of Public Instruction, et al. Seventh Circuit 2022-03-28 Denied constitutional-claims doctrinal-determination establishment-clause first-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause government-interference public-benefits religion-clauses religious-preference summary-reversal 1. Whether summary reversal is warranted where the Seventh Circuit did not consider this case in light of Espinoza v. Montana Dep't of Revenue, 591 U.…
21-1143 Dr. A., et al. v. Kathy Hochul, Governor of New York, et al. Second Circuit 2022-02-16 Denied Amici (12)Relisted (10) administrative-rule covid-19 covid-vaccine-mandate employment-division-v-smith free-exercise free-exercise-clause medical-exemption religious-exemption secular-conduct vaccine-mandate Using its emergency regulatory powers, New York has imposed a COVID vaccine mandate on healthcare workers, but provided no religious exemption. Worker…
21-6883 Walter Delaney Booker, Jr. v. M. E. Engelke, et al. Fourth Circuit 2022-01-18 Denied Response WaivedIFP administrative-law civil-rights compelling-interest constitutional-rights due-process first-amendment free-exercise-clause prison prison-rights religious-exercise religious-freedom standing 1. Does tho RLuipA require the louer courts to evaluate the claims raised under the Aat under the legrtimate penological interest test or the compelli…
21-1003 F. F., as Parent of Y. F., et al. v. New York, et al. New York 2022-01-14 Denied constitutional-rights first-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause narrow-tailoring religious-bias religious-exemption school-vaccination strict-scrutiny vaccination-requirement Does New York's religious exemption repeal violate the First Amendment's Free Exercise Clause because (1) either (a) it allows for secular exemptions …
21-717 John Does 1–3, et al. v. Janet T. Mills, Governor of Maine, et al. First Circuit 2021-11-15 Denied Amici (3)Relisted (3) covid-19 covid-19-mandate free-exercise free-exercise-clause healthcare-workers preemption preliminary-injunction religious-accommodation supremacy-clause title-vii "[E]ven in a pandemic, the Constitution cannot be put away and forgotten." Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo, 141 S. Ct. 63, 68 (2020). More…
21-5592 John H. Ramirez v. Bryan Collier, Executive Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, et al. Fifth Circuit 2021-09-07 Judgment Issued Amici (17)IFP compelling-governmental-interest compelling-state-interest execution-protocol free-exercise free-exercise-clause free-speech least-restrictive-means pastoral-support religious-land-use-and-institutionalized-persons-a religious-rights rluipa 1. Under the Free Exercise Clause and Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act ("RLUIPA"), 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000cc–2000cc–5 (2000), does the S…
21-144 Seattle's Union Gospel Mission v. Matthew S. Woods Washington 2021-08-03 Denied Amici (17)Relisted (9) civil-rights coreligionist-hiring employment-discrimination first-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause ministerial-exception religious-exemption religious-freedom religious-nonprofits standing 1. Whether the First Amendment protects the Mission's right to hire coreligionists. 2. Whether denying the Mission a total exemption the state grants…
20-1501 Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany, et al. v. Shirin Emami, Acting Superintendent, New York Department of Financial Services, et al. New York 2021-04-27 GVR Amici (6)Relisted (4) abortion abortion-mandate employment-division-smith first-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause free-speech health-insurance religious-autonomy religious-exemption smith-v-oregon In 2017, New York promulgated a regulation mandating that employer health insurance plans cover abortions. N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 11, § 52.1…
20-1346 Calvary Chapel of Bangor v. Janet T. Mills, Governor of Maine First Circuit 2021-03-25 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) employment-division-v-smith establishment-clause first-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause government-discrimination jacobson-v-massachusetts pandemic-restrictions preliminary-injunction religious-liberty strict-scrutiny temporary-restraining-order (1) Whether the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment prohibits the government from discriminating against houses of worship by restricting the …
20-1137 California Parents for the Equalization of Educational Materials v. Tom Torlakson, et al. Ninth Circuit 2021-02-19 Denied Amici (2) disfavored-treatment federal-law first-amendment free-exercise-clause government-discrimination ninth-circuit-precedent recurring-issue religious-exercise religious-liberty substantial-burden Whether the Free Exercise Clause permits the government to single out a religion for disfavored treatment so long as it does not "substantially burden…
20-7044 Gregory Bartunek v. Hall County, Nebraska, et al. Eighth Circuit 2021-02-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP fifth-amendment first-amendment fourteenth-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause pretrial-detainee pretrial-detainees religious-freedom Whether failing to provide consistent and reliable opportunities for pretrial detainees to exercise their religious freedoms is a violation of the Fir…
20-791 Eglise Baptiste Bethanie De Ft. Lauderdale, Inc., et al. v. Seminole Tribe of Florida, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2020-12-09 Denied Response RequestedRelisted (2) access-act civil-remedies civil-rights establishment-clause first-amendment free-exercise-clause freedom-of-access-to-clinic-entrances-act off-reservation-conduct religious-worship tribal-sovereign-immunity Six members of a reservation-based tribal police force, while in uniform, using a marked vehicle and carrying departmental firearms, during a sabbath …
20-639 Calvary Chapel Dayton Valley v. Steve Sisolak, Governor of Nevada, et al. Ninth Circuit 2020-11-10 Denied Amici (6)Relisted (2) covid-19 covid-19-restrictions equal-protection first-amendment free-assembly free-exercise free-exercise-clause free-speech religious-liberty strict-scrutiny 1. Whether the Governor's favoring of secular over religious gatherings violates the Free Exercise Clause. 2. Whether the Governor's favoring of secu…
20-569 Elim Romanian Pentecostal Church, et al. v. J. B. Pritzker, Governor of Illinois Seventh Circuit 2020-10-30 Denied Amici (5)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (3) content-based-restriction content-based-restrictions first-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause jacobson-v-massachusetts pandemic-exception religious-discrimination religious-gatherings strict-scrutiny (1) Whether the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment prohibits the government from discriminating against religious gatherings by restricting t…
20-534 All Saints' Episcopal Church (Fort Worth) v. The Episcopal Diocese of Fort Worth, et al. Texas 2020-10-22 Denied Amici (1)Relisted (2) church-property-dispute church-property-disputes ecclesiastical-question establishment-clause express-trust-provision free-exercise free-exercise-clause jones-v-wolf neutral-principles neutral-principles-of-law Whether the Texas Supreme Court's decision awarding petitioner's sanctuary and rectory to a dissident faction in contravention of the will of petition…
20-385 Judy Doe v. Michael L. Parson, Governor of Missouri, et al. Eighth Circuit 2020-09-24 Denied Response Waived abortion abortion-rights constitutional-challenge due-process establishment-clause free-exercise free-exercise-clause religious-belief religious-liberty undue-burden undue-burden-standard 1. Is the Establishment Clause violated by the proclamation in an abortion statute that "The life of each human being begins at conception. Abortion w…
19-8695 Ruben Gutierrez v. Luis V. Saenz, et al. Fifth Circuit 2020-06-15 Judgment Issued Amici (1)IFP compelling-interest execution execution-protocol first-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause religious-accommodation religious-adviser religious-exercise rluipa spiritual-aid 1. Under the RLUIPA, does the State's decision to deprive Mr. Gutierrez of the opportunity to be accompanied during his execution by a religious advis…
19-5841 Shahram Shakouri v. Lorie Davis, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division, et al. Fifth Circuit 2019-09-06 Denied IFP due-process first-amendment fourteenth-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause masterpiece-cakeshop religious-discrimination religious-hostility religious-neutrality scriptural-interpretation thirteenth-amendment Whether district court's lack of religious neutrality violated Petitioner's right to the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment or Free Exercise Cla…
19-66 George Q. Ricks v. Idaho Contractors Board, et al. Idaho 2019-07-12 Denied Amici (5)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (8) civil-rights constitutional-interpretation constitutional-law employment-division-v-smith first-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause generally-applicable neutral-law neutral-laws religious-exemption religious-exemptions religious-freedom stare-decisis Whether the Court should revisit its holding in Employment Division v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990), that the Free Exercise Clause generally requires no…
18-9832 Patrick H. Murphy v. Bryan Collier, Executive Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, et al. Fifth Circuit 2019-06-27 Denied Amici (1)IFP civil-rights death-penalty death-row due-process establishment-clause free-exercise free-exercise-clause pastoral-accompaniment religious-liberty rluipa 1. When a death-sentenced inmate informs prison authorities a month in advance of his scheduled execution date of his desire to be accompanied during …
18-9629 Matthew Hale v. Federal Bureau of Prisons, et al. Tenth Circuit 2019-06-11 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights constitutional-law due-process first-amendment free-exercise-clause free-speech religious-freedom religious-freedom-restoration-act standing Whether the Tenth Circuit's usage of a determining test for whether factor-driven belief system qualifies a particular religion for the purposes of th…
18A1256 George Q. Ricks v. Idaho Contractors Board, et al. Idaho 2019-06-03 Presumed Complete employment-division-v-smith free-exercise-clause generally-applicable-law neutral-law religious-exemption social-security-number Question not identified.
18-1151 St. Augustine School, et al. v. Carolyn Stanford Taylor, in Her Official Capacity as Superintendent of Public Instruction, et al. Seventh Circuit 2019-03-06 GVR Relisted (2) church-autonomy denominational-affiliation employment-division-v-smith faith-tradition free-exercise free-exercise-clause government-benefits religion-clauses religious-adherent religious-autonomy religious-liberty trinity-lutheran trinity-lutheran-v-comer 1. Whether the Free Exercise Clause prohibits the government from requiring a religious adherent to choose between following his or her faith traditio…
18-530 Congregation Jeshuat Israel v. Congregation Shearith Israel First Circuit 2018-10-24 Denied Amici (2)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) charitable-trusts diversity-jurisdiction erie-doctrine establishment-clause evidence federalism free-exercise free-exercise-clause personal-property property property-dispute religious-liberty secular-evidence trust trust-law 1. In ordinary trust and property disputes does the Establishment Clause preclude courts from considering secular evidence that is relevant and admiss…
18-365 The Presbyterian Church in Morristown, et al. v. Freedom From Religion Foundation, et al. New Jersey 2018-09-20 Denied Relisted (6) church-state-separation constitutional-rights establishment-clause free-exercise free-exercise-clause free-speech government-funding government-grants historic-preservation religious-discrimination religious-neutrality standing status-use-distinction Does the categorical exclusion of active houses of worship from a competitive government grant program advancing the secular interest of historic pres…
18-364 Morris County Board of Chosen Freeholders, et al. v. Freedom From Religion Foundation, et al. New Jersey 2018-09-20 Denied Amici (2)Relisted (6) civil-rights establishment-clause first-amendment free-exercise free-exercise-clause free-speech government-funding historic-preservation public-funding religious-status status-based-discrimination trinity-lutheran trinity-lutheran-precedent 1. Whether using generally available historic preservation funds to repair or restore a house of worship constitutes a "religious use" that falls outs…
19A1052 Ruben Gutierrez v. Luis V. Saenz, et al. Fifth Circuit Granted Amici (1) execution-chamber first-amendment free-exercise-clause religious-chaplain RLUIPA substantial-burden Question not identified.