constitutional-scrutiny

37 cases — ← All topics

Case Title Lower Court Docketed Status Flags Tags Question Presented
25-765 Health Freedom Defense Fund, Inc., a Wyoming Not-for-Profit Corporation, et al. v. Alberto Carvalho, in His Official Capacity as Superintendent of the Los Angeles United School District, et al. Ninth Circuit 2025-12-30 Pending Amici (2)Response RequestedResponse Waived constitutional-scrutiny fundamental-rights government-mandate judicial-review medical-treatment rational-basis-review 1. Does this Court's opinion in Jacobson v. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 197 U.S. 11 (1905), limit a court's review of government mandated medical t…
25-6369 Donnell S. Durham v. United States Fourth Circuit 2025-12-15 Denied Response WaivedIFP bruen-test constitutional-scrutiny felony-ban firearms-possession historical-tradition second-amendment Is the lifetime ban for possession of firearms by all felons, codified at 18 U.S.C. §922(g)(1), facially unconstitutional under New York State Rifle &…
25-6122 Joshua Corbin Granger v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2025-11-14 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (3)IFP constitutional-scrutiny criminal-law due-process felons-rights firearm-possession second-amendment 1. Do convicted felons have a Second Amendment right, or do only law-abiding persons enjoy this right? 2. Does 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(1) and 924(a)(2) w…
25-442 Joseph J. Roybal, Sheriff, El Paso County, Colorado, et al. v. Darlene Griffith Tenth Circuit 2025-10-10 Pending Amici (1) constitutional-scrutiny due-process eighth-amendment equal-protection prison-policies transgender-rights 1. Whether a transgender inmate's challenge to sex-based prison policies is subject to heightened scrutiny under United States v. Virginia, 518 U.S. 5…
25-5420 Perry Jaquan Jackson v. United States Fourth Circuit 2025-08-20 Denied Response WaivedIFP bruen-test constitutional-scrutiny felony-ban firearm-possession historical-tradition second-amendment Is the lifetime ban on possession of firearms by all felons, codified at 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1), plainly unconstitutional on its face under New York St…
25-138 Margo Roman v. Massachusetts Board of Registration in Veterinary Medicine Massachusetts 2025-08-05 Denied Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) constitutional-scrutiny first-amendment licensing-board occupational-speech professional-licensure speech-regulation whether a state occupational licensing board is entitled to apply a lower standard of constitutional scrutiny to speech that is neither commercial nor…
24-1025 Daniel Z. Crowe, et al. v. State Bar of Oregon, et al. Ninth Circuit 2025-03-25 Denied Amici (6) circuit-split constitutional-scrutiny first-amendment free-association legal-profession mandatory-bar In Keller v. State Bar of California , 496 U.S. 1, 13-14 (1990), this Court held that it is constitutional for states to require attorneys to join and…
24A746 Kingston Kohr, LLC v. City of Irvine, California California 2025-01-30 Presumed Complete constitutional-scrutiny demolition eminent-domain fifth-amendment property-rights regulatory-taking Question not identified.
24-6133 Kyle Wolfe v. Jill Krowinski Vermont 2024-12-13 Denied IFP constitutional-scrutiny first-amendment free-speech petition-rights second-amendment state-law Are current Vermont State Statutes 15 § V.S.A. 5133(e) and 12 V.S.A. § 5131(3) constitutional by U.S. Amendment 1 and Amendment 2 standards? And is OR…
24-642 Lamel Jeffery, et al. v. City of New York, New York, et al. Second Circuit 2024-12-12 Denied Response Waived constitutional-scrutiny curfew-restrictions due-process emergency-powers fundamental-rights judicial-notice The freedom of movement is "a necessary concomitant of the stronger Union the Constitution created." U.S. v. Guest, 383 U.S. 745, 758 (1966). It is "a…
24-276 Ryan Crownholm, et al. v. Richard B. Moore, in His Official Capacity as Executive Officer of the California Board for Professional Engineers, Land Surveyors, and Geologists, et al. Ninth Circuit 2024-09-11 Pending Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (6) conduct-distinction constitutional-scrutiny first-amendment occupational-licensing professional-speech speech-regulation 1. What standard applies to determine whether an occupational licensing law's restriction on a person's use, creation, and dissemination of informatio…
23-7283 Hector Manuel Gomez Rodriguez v. United States Ninth Circuit 2024-04-22 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP 21-usc-841 constitutional-scrutiny criminal-procedure cruel-and-unusual-punishment eighth-amendment mandatory-minimum mandatory-minimum-sentences non-capital-sentences proportionality-review sentencing Did the Ninth Circuit contravene Harmelin's plurality and Ewing by essentially exempting all sentences that a district court imposes under 21 U.S.C. §…
23-996 Jeanna Norris, et al. v. Samuel L. Stanley, Jr., in His Official Capacity as President of Michigan State University, et al. Sixth Circuit 2024-03-12 Denied Amici (3)Response Waived bodily-autonomy civil-liberties civil-rights constitutional-scrutiny due-process heightened-scrutiny jacobson-v-massachusetts medical-treatment public-health vaccine-mandate Whether Jacobson v. Massachusetts , 197 U.S. 11 (1905) , when read in light of this Court's later acknowledgment that the right to refuse treatment is…
23-523 Board of Supervisors of San Bernardino County v. Lynna Monell, Clerk, Board of Supervisors of San Bernardino County, et al. California 2023-11-16 Denied Response Waived ballot-access candidate-restrictions civil-rights constitutional-scrutiny equal-protection freedom-of-association political-association term-limits voting-rights Does a term limit that bans incumbents from ever running for reelection merit heightened scrutiny?
23-500 James Gimenez v. Franklin County, Washington, et al. Washington 2023-11-14 Denied Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) at-large-elections constitutional-law constitutional-scrutiny election-systems equal-protection gerrymandering racial-polarization redistricting voting-rights Whether the Washington Voting Rights Act is subject to strict scrutiny.
23-440 S. B., on Behalf of Her Minor Daughter, S. B. v. Jefferson Parish School Board, et al. Fifth Circuit 2023-10-26 Denied Amici (1) 14th-amendment 4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-scrutiny corporal-punishment due-process excessive-force fourteenth-amendment fourth-amendment section-1983 1. Is unconstitutionally excessive corporal punishment by a public-school employee cognizable under § 1983 (as nine circuits hold), or is it not (as o…
23-5045 Evans Samuel Santos Diaz v. United States Third Circuit 2023-07-05 Denied Response WaivedIFP associational-rights conditions-of-release constitutional-scrutiny criminal-procedure due-process first-amendment freedom-of-association individual-liberty supervised-release 1. The First Amendment guarantees individuals a right to associate. Petitioner and his fiancée want to associate. The Court of Appeals affirmed a dist…
22-611 Kevin Lindke v. James R. Freed Sixth Circuit 2023-01-04 Judgment Issued Amici (9)Relisted (2) civil-rights constitutional-scrutiny first-amendment free-speech government-duty government-official public-forum public-official social-media state-action Whether a public official's social media activity can constitute state action only if the official used the account to perform a governmental duty or …
22-5264 Cody Gober v. United States Sixth Circuit 2022-08-02 Denied Response WaivedIFP concurrent-sentence constitutional-scrutiny criminal-procedure due-process federal-criminal-procedure federal-sentence post-conviction-relief sentencing sixth-circuit state-sentence Whether the due process rights of the Petitioner were violated by the failure of the trial court to address, first at sentencing and then in a post-se…
21-1532 Brian Davison v. Deborah Rose, et al. Fourth Circuit 2022-06-07 Denied civil-procedure civil-rights constitutional-scrutiny due-process first-amendment free-speech government-action government-speech public-forum speech-restriction standing viewpoint-discrimination 1. Whether a forum and scrutiny analysis are required when considering First Amendment infringement claims involving the government barring citizen sp…
21-7576 Edward Wright v. United States Ninth Circuit 2022-04-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP child-pornography constitutional-scrutiny liberty-interests non-delegation-doctrine overbreadth plea-agreement supervised-release third-party-notification vagueness I. Currently, the Circuits are split as to whether the standard federal supervision condition requiring third-party risk notification is constitutiona…
21-779 Mark E. Schell v. Richard Darby, Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Oklahoma, et al. Tenth Circuit 2021-11-24 Denied Amici (5)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) bar-dues compulsory-fees constitutional-scrutiny exacting-scrutiny first-amendment ideological-speech mandatory-bar-dues political-speech union-fees Are mandatory bar dues that subsidize the political and ideological speech of bar associations subject to "the same constitutional rule" of exacting F…
21-766 Douglass Properties II, LLC v. City of Olympia, Washington Washington 2021-11-23 Denied constitutional-scrutiny due-process government-discretion impact-fees koontz-v-st-johns land-use land-use-permit nollan-dolan-doctrine nollan-v-california-coastal-commission property-rights takings Whether, after Koontz, the Nollan/Dolan doctrine applies generally to impact fees, i.e., whether after Koontz there is any distinction between "adjudi…
21-695 Bennie Anderson v. New Jersey New Jersey 2021-11-12 Denied Response Waived constitutional-scrutiny eighth-amendment excessive-fines excessive-fines-clause national-importance pension-seizure public-pensions punitive-forfeiture punitive-forfeitures state-action Can a state insulate its punitive forfeitures from federal constitutional scrutiny by limiting the definition of what constitutes a "fine" for purpose…
21-6226 K. Jeffery Knapp v. United States Ninth Circuit 2021-11-09 Denied Response WaivedIFP burden-shift constitutional-scrutiny ex-post-facto restoration-statutes rights-restoration unconditional-discharge Petitioner K. Jeffery Knapp is man who owned and operated a successful Montana business. He is a man who had a past, having served prison time for Col…
21-219 Clear Channel Outdoor, LLC v. Henry J. Raymond, Director, Department of Finance of Baltimore City Maryland 2021-08-16 Denied Amici (3)Relisted (2) billboard-regulation commercial-speech constitutional-scrutiny content-based content-discrimination first-amendment strict-scrutiny takings tax-law zoning Whether a tax singling out off-premises billboards is subject to heightened scrutiny under the First Amendment.
21-5053 Hernando Javier Vergara v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2021-07-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP 5th-amendment 6th-amendment amendment-challenge constitutional-scrutiny criminal-procedure criminal-sentencing due-process jury-trial retroactive-application retroactivity supervised-release In a previous holding (United States v Raymond , 588 U.S., 139 S.Ct._, 204 L. Ed. 2d 897 LEXIS 4398 (2019), this Court ruled that 18 U.S.C. §3583(1*;)…
20-1678 Daniel Z. Crowe, et al. v. Oregon State Bar, et al. Ninth Circuit 2021-06-02 Denied Amici (10)Response Waived attorney-regulation compelled-speech constitutional-scrutiny first-amendment free-speech keller-v-state-bar mandatory-dues political-speech public-sector-unions state-bar This Court has held that "exacting" First Amendment scrutiny applies to laws that force public employees to subsidize the speech and political activit…
20-7089 Kemen Lavatos Taylor, II v. Tim Walz, Governor of Minnesota, et al. Eighth Circuit 2021-02-09 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-scrutiny courtroom-closure courtroom-closures eighth-circuit-court-of-appeals judicial-procedure minnesota-supreme-court public-trial sixth-amendment triviality-exception 1. Whether the Sixth Amendment's public trial guarantee contains a triviality exception, consistent with the Minnesota Supreme Court and Eight Circuit…
20-999 Lloyd Industries, Inc. v. Ronald Watson Third Circuit 2021-01-26 Denied civil-rights constitutional-scrutiny due-process free-speech punitive-damages ratio ratio-analysis reprehensibility title-vii Should this Court grant a Writ of Certiorari: 1. to correct a pervasive error by many lower courts, including the Third Circuit in this case, which h…
20-961 John Henry Ryskamp v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Ninth Circuit 2021-01-15 Denied Response Waived article-i-section-8 constitutional-scrutiny due-process first-amendment free-speech general-welfare janus-precedent janus-v-afscme speech-component tax tax-system Under Janus v. AFSCME, does the U.S. tax system violate U.S. Const, amend I because it contains a prohibited individually enforceable protected speech…
19-1368 Walmart Stores, Inc., et al. v. Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission, et al. Fifth Circuit 2020-06-12 Denied Amici (3)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) commerce-clause constitutional-scrutiny corporate-form discriminatory-effect dormant-commerce-clause exxon-corp-v-governor-of-maryland exxon-v-maryland interstate-commerce state-protectionism Whether a state law that has the predominant effect of protecting in-state retailers from out-of-state competition is immune from constitutional scrut…
19-1081 Arlene Rosenblatt v. City of Santa Monica, California, et al. Ninth Circuit 2020-03-04 Denied circuit-split constitutional-scrutiny discriminatory-purpose dormant-commerce-clause extraterritorial-reach interstate-commerce legislative-intent nonresident-discrimination presumption-of-no-extraterritorial-intent Under the dormant Commerce Clause framework set forth by this Court, a state law is subject to heightened scrutiny if it either "discriminates against…
19-847 Jonathan Reisman v. Associated Faculties of the University of Maine, et al. First Circuit 2020-01-06 Denied Amici (11)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) associational-freedoms compelled-association constitutional-scrutiny exclusive-representation first-amendment free-speech labor-union labor-unions public-sector public-sector-employees Whether it violates the First Amendment to designate a labor union to represent and speak for public-sector employees who object to its advocacy on th…
18-9219 Yaqob Tafan Thomas v. Joseph P. Meko, Warden Sixth Circuit 2019-05-09 Denied Response WaivedIFP aggravating-factor alternative-means burden-of-proof constitutional-challenge constitutional-scrutiny due-process jury-instructions presumption richardson-v-us-schad-v-arizona 1. DOES IT VIOLATE THE DUE PROCESS CLAUSE WHEN A STATE INTENTIONALLY REFUSES TO DEFINE EVERY ELEMENTAL FACT IN "ALTERNATIVE MEANS" STATUTE THEREBY CR…
18-719 Kathleen Uradnik v. Inter Faculty Organization, et al. Eighth Circuit 2018-12-04 Denied Amici (9)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) association associational-freedoms compelled-association constitutional-scrutiny exclusive-representation first-amendment free-speech labor-union labor-unions public-sector public-sector-employees Whether it violates the First Amendment to appoint a labor union to represent and speak for public-sector employees who have declined to join the unio…
18-5991 Johnny Ray Bennett v. Julie L. Jones, Secretary, Florida Department of Corrections, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2018-09-14 Denied IFP civil-rights constitutional-scrutiny double-jeopardy due-process ex-post-facto habeas-corpus jurisdiction subject-matter-jurisdiction unlawful-detention WOULD THE 2002 ENACTMENTS VIOLATE THE EX POST FACTO CLAUSES OF THE STATE AND FEDERAL CONSTITUTION, IF ITS RETROACTIVITY DID NOT CURE THE DEFECTS OF CH…