specific-intent

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Case Title Lower Court Docketed Status Flags Tags Question Presented
25-5907 Cory Collin Fitzgerald Sanders v. United States Fourth Circuit 2025-10-16 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-procedure evidence-inference guilty-knowledge jury-instruction specific-intent willful-intent In a federal criminal prosecution that requires proof of specific intent, may a court instruct the jury that it may infer willful intent or guilty kno…
25-5685 Anthony Lemicy v. United States Eighth Circuit 2025-09-19 Denied Response WaivedIFP child-exploitation constitutional-violation criminal-procedure evidentiary-sufficiency specific-intent statutory-interpretation I. CAN THE GOVERNMENT PROVE THE SPECIFIC INTENT OF "USE" "FOR THE PURPOSE" WITHOUT THE MINORS TESTIFYING(direct evidence), OR CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE…
25-5680 David Petersen v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2025-09-18 Denied Response WaivedIFP actus-reus aiding-and-abetting circuit-split constitutional-rights mens-rea specific-intent 1. Whether the mens rea and actus reus requirements for aiding and abetting liability under 18 U.S.C. § 2 demand proof of specific intent and affirma…
25-5664 In Re Amy Bishop Anderson 2025-09-17 Denied Relisted (2)IFP constitutional-error habeas-corpus new-evidence procedural-default specific-intent steroid-psychosis 1. ) Statement of the Case and exhaustion of claims pursuant to 28USC section 2254(b)(1)(A) as delineated in S.Ct. Rule 20.4(a). Where, in my petition…
25A294 Vincent Gerald Garcia v. United States Ninth Circuit 2025-09-15 Presumed Complete conspiracy-to-commit criminal-conspiracy racketeering rico-conspiracy specific-intent statutory-interpretation Question not identified.
25-5563 Joseph Lee Smith v. Louisiana Louisiana 2025-09-05 Denied IFP constitutional-review manslaughter post-trial-motions sentencing specific-intent writ-application WHETHER THE LOUISIANA SUPREME COURT ERRED WHEN IT DENIED PETITIONER'S WRIT APPLICATION FILED ON DIRECT APPEAL AND THE CLAIM THAT PETITIONER POSSESSE…
24-7487 Nicholas Noelani D. Smith v. Alabama Alabama 2025-06-24 Denied IFP capital-murder due-process fourteenth-amendment lesser-included-offenses specific-intent voluntary-intoxication Whether a criminal defendant in a capital trial is deprived of his Fourteenth Amendment right to due process, as set forth in Beck v. Alabama, when th…
24-6822 Jorge Almeida v. Ricky D. Dixon, Secretary, Florida Department of Corrections Eleventh Circuit 2025-03-21 Denied Response WaivedIFP due-process ineffective-assistance insanity-defense mens-rea mental-disease specific-intent I. Almeida received Ineffective Assistance of Counsel as a result of his trial counsel's strategy of conceding guilt to lesser included offenses inste…
24-6465 Leslie Robert Burk v. United States Fifth Circuit 2025-02-04 Denied IFP 18-USC-1343 18-USC-1349 commercial-contract contract-law specific-intent wire-fraud 1. Whether the wire-fraud statutes criminalize a deceptive statement that induces an ordinary commercial contract that the party who made the statemen…
23-6109 Tou Thao v. United States Eighth Circuit 2023-11-27 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-242 civil-rights constitutional-rights criminal-procedure deprivation-of-rights due-process fair-trial prosecutorial-misconduct specific-intent willfulness The Petitioner was convicted of two counts of deprivation of rights under color of law resulting in bodily injury and death in connection with the dea…
23-5374 Jessie C. Roberts v. Danny Samuel Ninth Circuit 2023-08-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP competency criminal-procedure delusions hallucinations incompetency ineffective-assistance mental-health specific-intent Whether a trial counsel whose client has been found incompetent to stand trial three different times prior to trial provides ineffective assistance of…
23-5195 Cynthia Kaye Wood v. Texas Texas 2023-07-25 Denied IFP constitutional-rights criminal-intent criminal-procedure due-process guilty-plea habeas-corpus ineffective-assistance mens-rea specific-intent voluntary-plea In Texas, the ens rea for attempted capital murder is a specific intent to kill. The defendant did not know this. Thus, she pled guilty although she h…
22-1203 Alan Patrick Fowler v. Bobby Lumpkin, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division Fifth Circuit 2023-06-13 Denied confrontation-clause confrontation-right constitutional-rights criminal-law criminal-sentencing due-process ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel mens-rea mental-health sentencing specific-intent 1) Could reasonable jurists disagree on whether there is insufficient evidence of specific intent to commit murder where Fowler never shot at a person…
22-542 Tavaris Betts v. United States Sixth Circuit 2022-12-14 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) armed-career-criminal-act burglary circuit-split criminal-sentencing generic-burglary intent-requirement specific-intent statutory-interpretation Whether a State's no-intent burglary statute qualifies as generic burglary under the Armed Career Criminal Act.
21-7994 Vincent James Sanchez, aka Vincent Sanches, aka Enrique Sanchez v. United States Ninth Circuit 2022-05-27 Denied Response WaivedIFP borden-v-united-states circuit-split criminal-law elements-clause mens-rea reckless-crimes specific-intent statutory-interpretation Does Borden v. United States, 141 S. Ct. 1817 (2021), mean that the elements clause requires the specific intent to use, attempt to use, or threaten t…
21-7530 Paul M. Weadick v. United States First Circuit 2022-04-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-1512 circuit-split criminal-procedure federal-statute federal-witness-tampering fowler-v-united-states reasonable-likelihood specific-intent statutory-interpretation witness-tampering The federal witness tampering statute, 18 U.S.C. § 1512, permits conviction of any individual who "prevent[s] the communication by any person to a [Fe…
21-6908 Jessie Flores v. Brian Cates, Warden Ninth Circuit 2022-01-20 Denied Response WaivedIFP competence-to-stand-trial competency-to-stand-trial criminal-procedure ineffective-assistance-of-counsel mental-health-defense mental-state-defense psychosis specific-intent substance-abuse willful-deliberate-and-premeditated-murder Does defense counsel unreasonably fail to investigate and present a mental state defense to a charge of willful, deliberate and premeditated murder wh…
21-6737 James P. Donoghue, et ux. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue First Circuit 2021-12-28 Denied Response WaivedIFP general-intent judicial-oath judicial-regulation judicial-remand judicial-review objective-review perjury specific-intent statutory-interpretation tax-court 1. Pursuant to 26 C.F.R. § 1.183, whether the lower courts' errored when framing decision under the doctrine of general-intent; using subjective deduc…
21-6202 Charles Gregory Clark v. John Q. Hamm, Commissioner, Alabama Department of Corrections Eleventh Circuit 2021-11-09 Denied IFP capital-murder habeas-corpus ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel martinez-rule martinez-v-ryan shackling shackling-claim specific-intent strickland-standard strickland-v-washington The trial court required Charles Gregory Clark to be visibly restrained during his entire capital murder trial, without a hearing and making no requis…
21-6020 Said Azzam Mohamad Rahim v. United States Fifth Circuit 2021-10-20 Denied Response WaivedIFP apprendi-v-new-jersey circuit-split criminal-law criminal-sentencing due-process sentencing-guidelines specific-intent statutory-interpretation terrorism-enhancement Question 1: This Court should resolve the circuit split that has developed by finding that the twelve-level terrorism enhancement under U.S.S.G. §3A1.…
21-579 Kenneth Eugene Smith v. John Q. Hamm, Commissioner, Alabama Department of Corrections, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2021-10-20 Denied accomplice-liability burden-of-proof capital-sentencing constitutional-rights due-process eighth-amendment fourteenth-amendment jury-instructions jury-trial sixth-amendment specific-intent 1. Under Waddington v. Sar ausad, 555 U.S. 179 (2009), when a conviction requires that the State prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant ha…
21-5853 Noah Gaston v. Maine Maine 2021-10-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-culpability due-process fourteenth-amendment general-intent intent mens-rea murder murder-statute specific-intent 1. Does Maine's murder statute violate the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution because it does not require the state to prove beyon…
21-5551 Floyd Flugence v. Darrel Vannoy, Warden Fifth Circuit 2021-09-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights criminal-law criminal-procedure due-process intent jury-evidence louisiana second-degree-murder specific-intent sufficiency-of-evidence 1. Whether the evidence was sufficient to support, the finding of guilt, in accordance with La. R.S. 14:30.1 (Second Degree Murder) where there was no…
20-8184 Ronald Centeno v. United States Fourth Circuit 2021-06-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924c 5th-amendment 6th-amendment constructive-amendment mens-rea specific-intent I. Whether it is a violation of the Fifth and Sixth Amendments to submit aiding and abetting to the jury when aiding and abetting is not charged in th…
20-7701 Samuel Alex Gann v. United States Sixth Circuit 2021-04-09 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP armed-career-criminal-act burglary burglary-statute circuit-split criminal-law criminal-statute sentencing specific-intent statutory-interpretation trespass An essential element of generic "burglary" is that the person formed the specific intent to commit a crime at some point during the commission of the …
20-7146 Frank Ray Gallardo v. United States Eighth Circuit 2021-02-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP circuit-conflict circuit-split criminal-law criminal-statute due-process federal-criminal-law jury-instruction jury-instructions mens-rea specific-intent statutory-interpretation Whether a defendant charged with an offense under 18 USC § 2244 is entitled to a specific intent instruction and there is a conflict among Circuits.
20-7109 Raul Flores-Villalvaso v. United States Ninth Circuit 2021-02-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-history criminal-procedure due-process illegal-reentry mens-rea sentencing sentencing-guidelines specific-intent Whether the 8 U.S.C. § 1326 Attempted Illegal Reentry mens rea element of "specific intent" can be restated as simply "a conscious desire" with no ref…
20-6806 Troy Merck, Jr. v. Florida Florida 2021-01-08 Denied IFP autonomy-defense criminal-defense due-process mccoy-v-louisiana sixth-amendment specific-intent trial-counsel voluntary-intoxication 1.Whether a defendant's "[a]utonomy to decide that the objective of the defense is to assert innocence." McCoy v. Louisiana , 138 S.Ct. 1500, 1508 (20…
20-6565 Simon Quinn v. Louisiana Louisiana 2020-12-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP burden-of-proof criminal-intent criminal-investigation criminal-procedure homicide-investigation obstruction-of-justice reasonable-doubt specific-intent statutory-interpretation underlying-conviction Reasonable jurist would debate that the State failed to meet its burden of proof of beyond a reasonable doubt that Mr. Quinn is guilty of the offense …
20-6484 Willie Tyler v. United States Third Circuit 2020-12-01 Denied IFP 18-usc-1512 communication-prevention criminal-prosecution federal-jurisdiction federal-statute federal-witness-tampering fowler-v-united-states reasonable-likelihood specific-intent witness-tampering The federal witness tampering statute, 18 U.S.C. § 1512, permits conviction of any individual who "prevent [s] the communication by any person to a [F…
20-6426 Jose Farias-Valdovinos v. United States Eighth Circuit 2020-11-24 Denied Response WaivedIFP appeal-waiver criminal-procedure factual-basis mens-rea plea-bargaining plea-colloquy rule-11 specific-intent specific-intent-crime Whether the district court's omission of an independent inquiry into a defendant's mens rea during the Rule 11 plea colloquy for a specific intent cri…
20-5833 Scott Francis Fortier v. United States Eighth Circuit 2020-09-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-2251 child-pornography commerce-clause constitutional-vagueness mens-rea sexual-conduct sexually-explicit-conduct specific-intent vagueness-doctrine 1a. Does creating a visual depiction of sexual conduct of a minor need to be the dominan t or specific purpose; one of the dominant or specific purpo…
20-5748 Dacarius Holliday v. Louisiana Louisiana 2020-09-17 Denied IFP constitutional-error criminal-intent criminal-negligence due-process eighth-amendment jury-instructions jury-sentencing specific-intent standard-of-proof trial-court 1. Can convictions for crimes requiring specific intent create constitutional error where the trial court has ruled that the evidence supports crimina…
19-8828 Michael Jerald Leggett v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2020-06-26 Denied Response WaivedIFP attempted-crimes attempted-offense crime-of-violence criminal-law elements-clause hobbs-act specific-intent statutory-interpretation substantial-step violent-crimes The courts of appeals have universally held that a conviction for a completed offense is categorically a crime of violence under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3)…
19-8582 Brandon Lee Edwards v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2020-06-02 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924c3a attempted-offense crime-of-violence elements-clause hobbs-act hobbs-act-robbery james-v-united-states specific-intent substantial-step The courts of appeals have universally held that a conviction for a completed offense is categorically a crime of violence under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3)…
19-8195 Alens Charles v. Ric L. Bradshaw, Sheriff, Palm Beach County, Florida Eleventh Circuit 2020-04-06 Denied IFP assault civil-rights-act-of-1991 criminal-law criminal-statute due-process extraterritoriality federal-government federal-officers general-intent specific-intent statute-of-limitations statutory-interpretation 18 U.S.C. §111 criminalizes "assaulting, or impeding certain victim or" of the federal government. As ED CARNES explained below (and the US District C…
19-7569 Stanley Noel Ames v. United States Ninth Circuit 2020-02-05 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (3)IFP 18-usc-924(c) 18-usc-924c bank-robbery carter-v-united-states crime-of-violence criminal-law-procedure federal-bank-robbery force-clause general-intent intent sentencing-standard specific-intent Did the Ninth Circuit err in holding that federal bank robbery is a crime of violence under the force clause of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c), in light of this C…
19-7100 Damon Jones v. John E. Wetzel, Secretary, Pennsylvania Department of Corrections, et al. Third Circuit 2019-12-30 Dismissed Response WaivedIFP burden-of-proof constitutional-presumption evidentiary-presumption fourteenth-amendment jury-instructions sixth-amendment specific-intent transferred-intent In Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 309 (1979), this Court held "(t]he Constitution prohibits the criminal conviction of any person except upon proo…
19-7067 Michael Baird Jordan v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-12-27 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (3)IFP 18-usc-924(c)(3)(a) armed-bank-robbery bank-robbery categorical-approach crime-of-violence elements-clause general-intent intent intimidation physical-force specific-intent statutory-interpretation use-of-force Given this Court's holding in Carter v. United States, 530 U.S. 255, 268 (2000), that bank robbery by intimidation is less culpable than a specific in…
19-5772 Sergio Saldivar Gutierrez v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-08-30 Denied Response WaivedIFP armed-career-criminal-act assault-statute california-penal-code conscious-disregard-of-risk criminal-intent force-clause general-intent physical-force specific-intent statutory-interpretation violent-felony California state courts have authoritatively construed the state statute punishing assault with a deadly weapon, California Penal Code $ 2a5(a)(1) and…
19-139 Delmar Hardy v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-07-30 Denied cheek-v-united-states criminal-tax good-faith good-faith-reliance jury-instruction jury-instructions professional-reliance reliance-on-accountant specific-intent tax-fraud tax-law tax-professional willfulness 1. Does this Court's decision in Cheek v. United States, 498 U.S. 192 (1991), require a court to apply a subjective standard in determining whether th…
19-102 Leroy Baca v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-07-22 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) 18-usc-1503 consciousness-of-wrongdoing constitutional-rights criminal-intent criminal-willfulness jury-anonymity mens-rea obstruction-of-justice public-trial specific-intent 1. Twenty years ago, the First Circuit stated: "The scienter element in the obstruction statute is the subject of more confusing case law than can be …
18-9687 Candelario Lucio-Garza v. United States Fifth Circuit 2019-06-17 Denied IFP attempted-crime attempted-reentry circuit-conflict criminal-law federal-jurisdiction immigration mens-rea specific-intent united-states-v-resendiz-ponce Does the crime of attempted illegal reentry incorporate the common-law mens rea of a specific intent to commit the completed offense?
18-9440 Earl Lee Dixie v. Kenneth Harrington, Warden Ninth Circuit 2019-05-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP cruel-and-unusual-punishment eighth-amendment ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel intoxication-defense mental-health-defense mental-health-evidence specific-intent strickland-standard strickland-v-washington Dixie was convicted of evading pursuing police officers based on an incident where he fled from police during a high speed vehicle chase. At trial, Di…
18-8327 Robert Nathan Alm v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-03-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-2113 18-usc-924(c) 18-usc-924c bank-robbery categorical-approach court-of-appeals criminal-law federal-bank-robbery federal-crime intimidation legal-interpretation specific-intent statutory-construction statutory-interpretation sufficiency-of-the-evidence Can the courts of appeals define the crime of federal bank robbery differently for purposes of a sufficiency-of-the-evidence challenge than for a cate…
18-8302 Dominique Dontae Lasker v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-03-06 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924(c) bank-robbery categorical-approach courts-of-appeals crime-of-violence criminal-law federal-bank-robbery federal-crime intimidation legal-definition specific-intent statutory-interpretation sufficiency-of-the-evidence Can the courts of appeals define the crime of federal bank robbery differently for purposes of a sufficiency-of-the-evidence challenge than for a cate…
18-8256 Mustafa Ahmad Naushad v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-03-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-2113 18-usc-924(c) bank-robbery categorical-approach courts-of-appeals criminal-law federal-bank-robbery judicial-discretion legal-definition specific-intent statutory-interpretation sufficiency-of-the-evidence violent-physical-force Can the courts of appeals define the crime of federal bank robbery differently for purposes of a sufficiency-of-the-evidence challenge than for a cate…
18-8068 Frankie Hill, Jr. v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-02-21 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924 18-usc-924(c) bank-robbery categorical-approach circuit-split crime-of-violence criminal-law federal-bank-robbery federal-crime intimidation legal-interpretation specific-intent statutory-construction sufficiency-of-the-evidence Can the courts of appeals define the crime of federal bank robbery differently for purposes of a sufficiency-of-the-evidence challenge than for a cate…
18-7838 William Floyd Moore v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-02-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP armed-career-criminal-act bank-robbery crime-of-violence elements-clause general-intent intimidation specific-intent statutory-interpretation violent-felony Given this Court's holding in Carter v. United States, 530 U.S. 255, 268 (2000), that federal bank robbery under 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a) is a general inte…
18-7836 Michael Travis Moore v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-02-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924(c)(3)(a) 18-usc-924c3a armed-bank-robbery bank-robbery crime-of-violence criminal-law elements-clause federal-crimes general-intent intimidation specific-intent statutory-interpretation Given this Court's holding in Carter v. United States, 530 U.S. 255, 268 (2000), that federal armed bank robbery under 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a) and (d) is …
18-7427 Abdirahman Yasin Daud v. United States Eighth Circuit 2019-01-16 Denied Response WaivedIFP appellate-review criminal-procedure due-process harmless-error harmless-error-analysis jury-instruction jury-instructions jury-trial sixth-amendment specific-intent Whether the Court of Appeals' application of "harmless error" analysis to an erroneous jury instruction regarding the critical, specific intent elemen…
18-7430 Mohamed Abdihamid Farah v. United States Eighth Circuit 2019-01-15 Denied Response WaivedIFP appellate-review criminal-procedure due-process harmless-error jury-instructions specific-intent trial-by-jury witness-credibility 1. WHETHER THE FAILURE TO INCLUDE IN JURY INSTRUCTIONS THE REQUIRED ELEMENT OF SPECIFIC INTENT IS SUBJECT TO HARMLESS ERROR ANALYSIS WHERE THE ELEMENT…
18-7231 Mark J. Avery v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-01-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-procedure due-process fair-trial good-faith good-faith-defense money-laundering specific-intent trust trustee-liability wire-fraud Where the defendant, trustee of a private trust charged with wire fraud and money laundering based on his non-disclosure and misspending involving tru…
18-6361 Bob Lee Jones v. United States Fourth Circuit 2018-10-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP due-process fair-trial harmless-error hearsay hearsay-exception involuntary-intoxication judicial-bias judicial-ethics present-sense-impression specific-intent standard-of-review Whether the District Court's demonstration of bias against the defense in violation of the Judge's ethical canons and in front of the jury impeded Mr.…
18-5993 Douglas Roy Burns v. Connie Horton, Warden Sixth Circuit 2018-09-14 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-law criminal-procedure due-process evidence jury-instructions mens-rea specific-intent WHETHER A STATE COURT MUST CONSTITUTIONALLY RECOGNIZE AND ALLOW A DEFENSE IN THE FORM OF TESTIMONY AND OR OTHER RELEVANT EVIDENCE WHICH DISPROVES THE …
18-5036 Jerome Aristedes Martinez v. United States Fifth Circuit 2018-06-29 Denied IFP circuit-split criminal-law general-intent illegal-reentry immigration immigration-law mens-rea specific-intent statutory-interpretation supreme-court-precedent In the United States v. Resendiz-Ponce, 549 U.S. 102 (2007), the Supreme Court made it clear, in dicta, that attempted illegal reentry is a specific i…