| 25-7141 |
Thomas Keller v. United States |
Ninth Circuit |
2026-04-02 |
Pending |
Response WaivedIFP |
administrative-regulation controlled-substances-act criminal-liability intelligible-principle-test nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers |
Whether the "intelligible principle" test remains the appropriate standard for evaluating delegations of legislative power when the resulting regulati… |
| 25-1144 |
Daisey Trust, By and Through Its Trustee Eddie Haddad, et al. v. Federal Housing Finance Agency, et al. |
Ninth Circuit |
2026-04-02 |
Pending |
|
administrative-law appropriations-clause federal-housing-finance-agency nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers statutory-interpretation |
1. In Consumer Financial Protection Bureau v. Community Financial Services Association of America, Limited, 601 U.S. 416 (2024) ("CFPB"), this Court u… |
| 25-1140 |
Mark Andrew Bauersachs v. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, et al. |
First Circuit |
2026-04-01 |
Pending |
Response Waived |
coinage-power declaratory-relief equal-protection-clause injunctive-relief nondelegation-doctrine rational-basis-test |
In 12 U.S.C. § 225a, Congress commands the Federal Reserve to achieve stable prices using a legislative rule. The legislative rule eliminates price in… |
| 25-1079 |
RMS of Georgia, LLC, dba Choice Refrigerants v. Environmental Protection Agency, et al. |
District of Columbia |
2026-03-12 |
Pending |
Amici (6) |
administrative-law article-i-violation intelligible-principle nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers vesting-clause |
Whether Congress violated the Vesting Clause of Article I by giving an executive agency unbounded discretion to choose which private parties are entit… |
| 25A958 |
Oklahoma, et al. v. United States, et al. |
Sixth Circuit |
2026-02-27 |
Application |
|
constitutional-limits-on-delegation FTC-approval-requirement horseracing-integrity-and-safety-act nondelegation-doctrine private-entity-delegation separation-of-powers |
Question not identified. |
| 25-6911 |
Gregory W. Pheasant v. United States |
Ninth Circuit |
2026-02-25 |
Pending |
Amici (7)Response RequestedResponse WaivedIFP |
administrative-law criminal-law executive-power intelligible-principle nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers |
Whether § 1733(a) violates the nondelegation doctrine by giving the Executive near-unfettered power to define what conduct is subject to criminal puni… |
| 25A865 |
Thomas Keller v. United States |
Ninth Circuit |
2026-02-02 |
Application |
|
attorney-general-regulation congressional-delegation controlled-substances criminal-liability intelligible-principle nondelegation-doctrine |
Question not identified. |
| 25A748 |
RMS of Georgia, LLC, dba Choice Refrigerants v. Environmental Protection Agency, et al. |
District of Columbia |
2025-12-29 |
Application |
|
administrative-discretion agency-rulemaking hydrofluorocarbons legislative-power nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers |
Question not identified. |
| 25-250 |
Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al. v. V.O.S. Selections, Inc., et al. |
Federal Circuit |
2025-09-04 |
Judgment Issued |
Amici (1) |
executive-orders international-emergency-economic-powers-act nondelegation-doctrine presidential-powers statutory-interpretation tariff-authority |
1. Whether the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), Pub. L. No. 95-223, Tit. II, 91 Stat. 1626, authorizes the tariffs imposed by Pres… |
| 24A1064 |
Robert Mayfield, et al. v. Department of Labor, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2025-05-02 |
Presumed Complete |
|
administrative-procedure-act exempt-status fair-labor-standards-act legislative-vesting-clause minimum-salary-requirements nondelegation-doctrine |
Question not identified. |
| 24-429 |
Federal Trade Commission, et al. v. National Horsemen's Benevolent and Protective Association, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2024-10-16 |
GVR |
Relisted (3) |
administrative-law federal-trade-commission horseracing-regulation nondelegation-doctrine private-enforcement statutory-interpretation |
Whether the enforcement provisions of the Horseracing Integrity and Safety Act of 2020, 15 U.S.C. 3051 et seq.—which allow the Horseracing Integrity a… |
| 24-422 |
Schools, Health & Libraries Broadband Coalition, et al. v. Consumers' Research, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2024-10-15 |
Judgment Issued |
Relisted (2) |
administrative-law agency-authority contribution-rates nondelegation-doctrine telecommunications-act universal-service |
1. Whether Congress violated the nondelegation doctrine by authorizing the Commission to determine, within the limits set forth in Section 254, the am… |
| 24-354 |
Federal Communications Commission, et al. v. Consumers' Research, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2024-09-30 |
Judgment Issued |
Amici (11)Relisted (2) |
administrative-law agency-delegation nondelegation-doctrine statutory-interpretation telecommunications-regulation universal-service-fund |
In 47 U.S.C. 254, Congress required the Federal Communications Commission (Commission) to operate universal service subsidy programs using mandatory c… |
| 23-743 |
Consumers' Research, et al. v. Federal Communications Commission, et al. |
Eleventh Circuit |
2024-01-09 |
Denied |
Amici (1)Relisted (6) |
administrative-law constitutional-law federal-communications-commission non-delegation nondelegation-doctrine revenue-raising statutory-interpretation telecommunications-regulation universal-service-fund |
(1) Whether 47 U.S.C. § 254 violates the nondelegation doctrine by imposing no limit on the FCC's power to raise revenue for the USF.
(2) Whether the… |
| 23-456 |
Consumers' Research, et al. v. Federal Communications Commission, et al. |
Sixth Circuit |
2023-10-31 |
Denied |
Amici (4)Relisted (6) |
administrative-law constitutional-law fcc-authority federal-communications-commission non-delegation nondelegation-doctrine revenue-raising statutory-interpretation telecommunications-regulation universal-service-fund |
(1) Whether 47 U.S.C. § 254 violates the nondelegation doctrine by imposing no limit on the FCC's power to raise revenue for the USF.
(2) Whether the… |
| 23A88 |
Consumers' Research, et al. v. Federal Communications Commission, et al. |
Sixth Circuit |
2023-07-28 |
Presumed Complete |
|
fcc-authority nondelegation-doctrine revenue-raising separation-of-powers taxing-power universal-service-fund |
Question not identified. |
| 22-969 |
City of Santa Maria, California, et al. v. San Luis Obispo Coastkeeper, et al. |
Ninth Circuit |
2023-04-06 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
agency-authority agency-discretion cooperative-federalism federal-statute nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers state-water-rights statutory-interpretation water-rights |
1. Whether the nondelegation doctrine and separation of powers prevent courts from interpreting a federal statute's "and other purposes" clause to inv… |
| 22-859 |
Securities and Exchange Commission v. George R. Jarkesy, Jr., et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2023-03-09 |
Judgment Issued |
Amici (36)Relisted (2) |
administrative-enforcement administrative-law article-ii civil-penalties civil-rights due-process enforcement nondelegation-doctrine sec-proceedings securities seventh-amendment |
1. Whether statutory provisions that empower the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to initiate
and adjudicate administrative enforcement procee… |
| 22-543 |
Altagracia Sanchez, et al. v. District of Columbia Office of the State Superintendent of Education, et al. |
District of Columbia |
2022-12-14 |
Denied |
Amici (2)Response Waived |
administrative-agency administrative-law due-process economic-liberty individual-rights judicial-deference nondelegation-doctrine occupational-licensing regulatory-authority |
A District of Columbia administrative agency promulgated regulations requiring day-care providers to obtain a college degree (on top of existing, exte… |
| 22-6002 |
Charles Morgan, Jr. v. United States |
District of Columbia |
2022-11-07 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
ambiguity-standard criminal-statute criminal-statutes grievous-ambiguity gundy-v-united-states liberty-deprivation nondelegation nondelegation-doctrine rule-of-lenity statutory-interpretation supreme-court-precedent |
1. Whether the rule of lenity should apply to all ambiguous criminal statutes or only to those that are "grievously" ambiguous.
2. Whether the full C… |
| 21-1124 |
National Postal Policy Council, et al. v. Postal Regulatory Commission, et al. |
District of Columbia |
2022-02-16 |
Denied |
|
administrative-agency congressional-delegation congressional-power nondelegation-doctrine postal-accountability-and-enhancement-act postal-rate-setting regulatory-commission statutory-requirements |
Congress has long established the legal requirements for the postal rate-setting system, a quintessentially legislative task with vast and important p… |
| 21-6738 |
Kadeem Willingham v. United States |
Eleventh Circuit |
2021-12-28 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
18-usc-3582c1a 924(c)-sentences 924c-sentences district-court-discretion extraordinary-and-compelling-reasons first-step-act nondelegation-doctrine sentence-reduction sentencing-guidelines sub-delegation |
1. Whether U.S.S.G. § 1B1.13 is an "applicable" policy statement that binds a district court in considering a defendant-filed motion for sentence redu… |
| 21-849 |
Slidewaters LLC v. Washington Department of Labor and Industries, et al. |
Ninth Circuit |
2021-12-08 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
emergency-powers executive-authority legislative-authority legislative-delegation nondelegation-doctrine police-power separation-of-powers state-governance state-of-emergency |
Does a state legislature's delegation of unlimited and inherently legislative police power to a state executive violate the separation of powers, even… |
| 21-379 |
Texas, et al. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2021-09-08 |
Denied |
Relisted (9) |
administrative-law affordable-care-act agency-rule medicaid-rates nondelegation-doctrine private-entity rulemaking-authority statute-of-limitations |
(1) Whether an agency rule delegating rulemaking authority to a private entity violates the nondelegation doctrine.
(2) Whether the statute of limita… |
| 21-378 |
Texas v. Deb Haaland, Secretary of the Interior, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2021-09-08 |
Judgment Issued |
Relisted (5) |
anti-commandeering anticommandeering child-custody child-custody-proceedings commerce-clause equal-protection indian-child-welfare-act indian-commerce-clause nondelegation nondelegation-doctrine |
The Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 U.S.C. § § 1901- 63 (ICWA), creates a child -custody regime for "Indian children," a status defined by a child's gene… |
| 21-80 |
Outdoor Amusement Business Association, Inc., et al. v. Department of Homeland Security, et al. |
Fourth Circuit |
2021-07-21 |
Denied |
|
administrative-law clear-statement-rule h-2b-visa immigration-law labor-certification legislative-rulemaking nondelegation-doctrine |
Whether Congress, consistent with the nondelegation doctrine and clear-statement rule, impliedly authorized the Secretary of Labor individually to pro… |
| 20-7427 |
Leefatinie Tirosh Cole v. United States |
Eleventh Circuit |
2021-03-11 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP |
34-U.S.C.-§-20913(d) constitutional-law Executive-Branch Gundy legislative-authority nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers statutory-interpretation unconstitutional-delegation |
Whether this Court should revisit nondelegation doctrine precedent and, in doing so, overrule Gundy and hold that 34 U.S.C. § 20913(d) is an unconstit… |
| 20-5004 |
Michael Joseph Zeroni v. United States |
Eighth Circuit |
2020-07-09 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
34-USC-20913(d) constitutional-law Executive-Branch Gundy legislative-authority nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers statutory-interpretation |
(1) Whether this Court should revisit its broad nondelegation doctrine precedent and, in doing so, overrule Gundy and hold that 34 U.S.C. § 20913(d) i… |
| 19-8422 |
Todd Lee Glenn v. United States |
Fourth Circuit |
2020-05-08 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
constitutional-law executive-branch gundy-v-united-states legislative-authority nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers sex-offender-registration sorna statutory-interpretation |
Whether this Court should revisit its nondelegation doctrine precedent and, in doing so, overrule Gundy and hold that 34 U.S.C. § 20913(d) is an uncon… |
| 19-8381 |
Joseph Benjamin O'Donnell v. United States |
Fourth Circuit |
2020-04-29 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
administrative-law constitutional-law executive-branch legislative-authority nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers sex-offender-registration statutory-interpretation |
Whether this Court should revisit its nondelegation doctrine precedent and, in doing so, overrule Gundy and hold that 34 U.S.C. § 20913(d) is an uncon… |
| 19-1177 |
American Institute for International Steel, Inc., et al. v. United States, et al. |
Federal Circuit |
2020-03-27 |
Denied |
Amici (3) |
article-1-section-1 article-i-section-1 constitutional-challenge delegation-of-power federal-energy-administration-v-algonquin-sng legislative-authority nondelegation-doctrine presidential-discretion presidential-powers section-232 separation-of-powers tariff-imposition tariffs trade-expansion-act trade-expansion-act-of-1962 |
Is section 232 facially unconstitutional on the ground that it lacks any boundaries that confine the President's discretion to impose tariffs on impor… |
| 19-8079 |
Mark Steven Elk Shoulder v. United States |
Ninth Circuit |
2020-03-23 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
federal-jurisdiction major-crimes-act nondelegation-doctrine retroactive-application retroactivity sex-offender-registration special-relationship statutory-interpretation |
Whether SORNA can be applied, retroactively, through the Wetterling Act, to a defendant whose underlying sex offense conviction was prosecuted under t… |
| 19-7535 |
Norman Eugene Reed v. United States |
Eighth Circuit |
2020-02-04 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
34-U.S.C.-20913(d) 34-usc-20913(d) constitutional-law executive-branch Gundy legislative-authority nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers statutory-interpretation unconstitutional-delegation |
(1) Whether this Court should revisit its broad nondelegation doctrine precedent and, in doing so, overrule Gundy and hold that 34 U.S.C. § 20913(d) i… |
| 19-7494 |
Ricky Lynn Thomas v. United States |
Eighth Circuit |
2020-01-30 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
34-usc-20913(d) constitutional-limits executive-branch gundy gundy-precedent legislative-authority nondelegation-doctrine statutory-interpretation unconstitutional-delegation |
(1) Whether this Court should revisit its broad nondelegation doctrine precedent and, in doing so, overrule Gundy and hold that 34 U.S.C. § 20913(d) i… |
| 19-6626 |
Allen Dodson v. United States |
Tenth Circuit |
2019-11-13 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
34-usc-20913(d) administrative-law constitutional-law criminal-law due-process executive-branch gundy-v-united-states legislative-authority nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers sex-offender-registration-and-notification-act statutory-interpretation supreme-court-precedent |
Whether this Court should revisit its nondelegation doctrine precedent and, in doing so, overrule Gundy and hold that 34 U.S.C. § 20913(d) is an uncon… |
| 18-7471 |
Mark Henry, aka Weida Zheng, aka Scott Russel, aka Bob Wilson, aka Joanna Zhong v. United States |
Second Circuit |
2019-01-17 |
Denied |
IFP |
arms-export-control-act court-interpreters-act criminal-procedure mens-rea nondelegation-doctrine separation-of-powers statutory-interpretation |
1. Whether a "willful" violation of the Arms Export Control Act (""AECA"),
22 U.S.C. § 2778, requires proof that the defendant was aware of the export… |
| 18-6852 |
Arnold Bennett Caldwell v. United States |
Sixth Circuit |
2018-11-27 |
Denied |
Relisted (7)IFP |
34-usc-20913 administrative-law attorney-general attorney-general-authority constitutional-law constitutional-nondelegation criminal-law due-process nondelegation-doctrine notification-act separation-of-powers sex-offender-registration statutory-interpretation |
Whether the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act's delegation to the Attorney General in 34 U.S.C. § 20913(d) (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 16913(d)… |