1. Whether a court can find Article III standing
based on its conclusion that a statute protects a
concrete interest, without determining that the
plaintiff suffered a personal, real-world injury from
the alleged statutory violation.

2. Whether a court can find Article III standing
based on a risk that a plaintiff's personal information
could be misused in the future, without concluding
that the possibility of misuse is imminent.

3. Whether a court can certify a class without deciding a question of law that is relevant to determining whether common issues predominate under Rule
23.

Whether a court can find Article III standing based on its conclusion that a statute protects a concrete interest, without determining that the plaintiff suffered a personal, real-world injury from the alleged statutory violation