I. Does the United States Constitution require a colloquy between the judge and a criminal defendant regarding the accused's decision on whether to testify at trial?

II. If an inquiry by the trial judge is required, does the colloquy need to determine whether the benefits and risks of that decision have been discussed between the defendant and his or her attorney for the judge to find that the defendant's decision on whether to testify was made "intelligently"?

III. If the court violated the Constitution when it found that Petitioner's waiving his right to testify at trial was made "intelligently" is the error structural?

Whether the United States Constitution requires a trial judge to conduct a colloquy with a criminal defendant regarding the decision whether to testify, and whether any constitutional error in finding such waiver was made intelligently constitutes structural error