1. Whether a conviction initiated by a warrant issued by a magistrate who is later adjudicated not neutral and detached, constitutes a structural jurisdictional defect rendering the judgment void ab initio, such that the judgment cannot be insulated from review by State Deferred Judgment and Post-Conviction Relief (PCR) procedures.

2. Whether a state may, consistent with the Due Process Clause and 28 U.S.C. § 1257, use Deferred Judgment and PCR rules to bar all state court review of an alleged structural Fourth Amendment violation in the initiation of criminal proceedings, leaving an entire class of defendants without any remedy once the defect is discovered.

Whether a conviction initiated by a warrant issued by a magistrate who is later adjudicated constitutes a structural jurisdictional defect rendering the judgment void ab initio, and whether a state may use Deferred Judgment and PCR rules to bar state court review of an alleged structural flaw in the initiation of criminal proceedings