1. Whether the Court's holding in Erlinger v. United States, 602 U.S., 144 S. Ct. 1840, 219 L. Ed. 2d 451 (2024), retroactively opens the affirmative defense requirement under 18 U.S.C. § 3559 (c) (3) (A) to a Fifth and Sixth Amendment challenge of actual innocence on collateral review.

2. If so, whether the prior conviction exception announced in Alemendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 118 S. Ct. 1219, 140 L. Ed. 2d 350 (1998) is irreconcilable with the Fifth and Sixth Amendments.

Whether the Court's holding in Erlinger V. United States retroactively opens the affirmative defense requirement under 18 U.S.C. § 3559(c)(3)(A) to a Fifth and Sixth Amendment challenge of actual innocence on collateral review