No. 24-539
Kaley Chiles v. Patty Salazar, in Her Official Capacity as Executive Director of the Colorado Department of Regulatory Agencies, et al.
Tags: content-based-regulation counseling-restriction first-amendment free-speech gender-identity viewpoint-discrimination
Latest Conference:
2025-03-07
(distributed 4 times)
Question Presented (from Petition)
Whether a law that censors certain conversations between counselors and their clients based on the viewpoints expressed regulates conduct or violates the Free Speech Clause.
Question Presented (AI Summary)
Whether a law that censors certain conversations between counselors and their clients based on the viewpoints expressed regulates conduct or violates the Free Speech Clause
Docket Entries
2025-12-19
Notice of Petitioner notifying Court of supplemental authority (opinion attached) of Kaley Chiles submitted.
2025-12-19
Notice of petitioner notifying Court of supplemental authority (opinion attached) filed. (Distributed)
2025-10-07
Argued. For petitioner: James A. Campbell, Lansdowne, Va.; and Hashim M. Mooppan, Principal Deputy Solicitor General, Department of Justice, Washington, D. C. (for United States, as amicus curiae.) For respondents: Shannon W. Stevenson, Solicitor General, Denver, Colo.
2025-09-18
Reply of Kaley Chiles submitted.
2025-09-18
Reply of petitioner Kaley Chiles filed. (Distributed)
2025-09-09
Record received electronically from the United States District Court for the District of Colorado and available with the Clerk.
2025-09-05
Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae and for divided argument GRANTED.
2025-09-02
CIRCULATED
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Constitutional Accountability Center submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Stewart Heatwole, Karen Napolitano, David Palmieri, Patrick Tiernan, and Timothy Uhl submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Freedom From Religion Foundation submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of The Trevor Project, Inc., American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, and the National Alliance on Mental Illness submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of PFLAG, Inc., One Colorado, National Center for Youth Law, National Center for LGBTQ Rights, National Health Law Program, Rocky Mountain Equality, Services and Advocacy for Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Elders submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Conversion Therapy Survivor Network and 17 LGBTQ+ Survivors of Conversion Therapy submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Amici States of Washington, et al. submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of International Law Scholar Paul Behrens submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Medical History Scholars and Historians submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Mathew Shurka submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Parents of Conversion-Therapy Participants and Clergy Supporting Families Affected by Conversion Therapy submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of The Williams Institute submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Constitutional Law and First Amendment Scholars submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Ryan M. Kendall, Jessica Ritter, Matt Salmon, Adrienne Smith, Lillian Lennon, Adam Trimmer, David Beltran, and Garrard Conley submitted.
2025-08-26
Amicus brief of Dr. Jack L. Turban and Dr. Lisa R. Fortuna submitted.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Religious Organizations filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Professors of Law, Medicine, and Public Health filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Experts in Health Care Practice, Health Law, and Bioethics filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Parents of Conversion-Therapy Participants, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Former Conversion Therapy Leaders filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Constitutional Law, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of 27+ Lay Roman Catholics filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amicus curiae of International Law Scholar Paul Behrens filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of PFLAG, Inc., et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Medical History Scholars, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Ryan M. Kendall, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of The Trevor Project, Inc., et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of American Psychological Association, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Conversion Therapy Survivor Network, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Legal Ethics Professors filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Stewart Heatwole, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Faith-Based Mental Health Professionals filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amicus curiae of Mathew Shurka filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Health Law Scholars filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Members of Congress filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amicus curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Dr. Jack L. Turban, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Washington, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Constitutional Law Scholars, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Lay Roman Catholics, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of David Palmieri, et al. filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amici curiae of Williams Institute Scholars filed.
2025-08-26
Brief amicus curiae of Freedom From Religion Foundation filed.
2025-08-25
Amicus brief of Professor Clifford J. Rosky, Professor Lisa M. Diamond submitted.
2025-08-25
Amicus brief of Gregory Coles, Joshua Proctor, and Bill Henson submitted.
2025-08-25
Amicus brief of Guy Albert, PhD submitted.
2025-08-25
Amicus brief of Fred T. Korematsu Center for Law and Equality, Center for Civil Rights and Critical Justice, Center on Race, Inequality, and the Law, and Center for Racial and Economic Justice submitted.
2025-08-25
Brief amicus curiae of Guy Albert, PhD filed.
2025-08-25
Brief amici curiae of Professor Clifford J. Rosky, et al. filed.
2025-08-25
Brief amicus curiae of Land-Surveyor and Civil-Engineer Trade Associations filed.
2025-08-25
Brief amici curiae of Gregory Coles, et al. filed.
2025-08-25
Brief amici curiae of Land-Surveyor and Civil-Engineer Trade Associations filed.
2025-08-25
Brief amici curiae of Fred T. Korematsu Center for Law and Equality, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2025-08-19
Brief of Patty Salazar, et al. submitted.
2025-08-19
Brief of respondents Patty Salazar, et al. filed.
2025-08-18
Record received from the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit. The record is electronic and is available on PACER.
2025-08-13
Record requested from the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit.
2025-08-12
SET FOR ARGUMENT on Tuesday, October 7, 2025.
2025-08-12
Notice of Substitution of Parties of Patty Salazar, et al. submitted.
2025-08-12
Rule 35.3 letter regarding substitution of parties filed by respondents.
2025-07-15
Amicus brief of Randy Elf submitted.
2025-06-23
Motion of United States for leave to participate in oral argument and for divided argument submitted.
2025-06-23
Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae and for divided argument filed.
2025-06-16
Amicus brief of Iowa and 20 Other States submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Liberty Counsel submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of The Christian Medical and Dental Associations and The Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of The Association of Certified Biblical Counselors Inc. submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of CatholicVote.org Education Fund submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Manhattan Institute, Islam and Religious Freedom Action Team, Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty, and Dr. Dovid Schwartz submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Sexuality Research Scholar Amy E. Hamilton submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Joy Buchman, Brian Tingley, Tammy Fournier, and Dan and Jennifer Mead submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Natl Assn of Scholars submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Women's Liberation Front submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Heartbeat International submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Erin Lee and Mary Buchanan submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Mary Hasson, Eric Kniffin, Theresa Farnan, and Susan Selner-Wright submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Anthony M. Joseph submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of America's Future, Public Advocate of the United States, Public Advocate Foundation, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund, One Nation Under God Foundation, Restoring Liberty Action Committee, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Christian Family Coalition (CFC) Florida, Inc. submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of CHANGED Movement submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Coloson Center for Christian Worldview, Family Policy Alliance, and Summit Ministries submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Christian Legal Society submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Our Duty-USA, Luke Healy, Ari, Chloe Brockman, Soren Aldaco, and Kayla Lovdahl submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Do No Harm, Inc. submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Liberty Justice Center submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of American Unity Fund and Ethics & Public Policy Center submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of International Foundation for Therapeutic and Counseling Choice submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Institute for Free Speech submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of The Alliance for Therapeutic Choice and Scientific Integrity submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of Medical Professionals submitted.
2025-06-13
Amicus brief of The American College of Pediatricians submitted.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Mary Hasson, et al. filed
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Heartbeat International filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of National Association of Scholars filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Christian Family Coalition (CFC) Florida, Inc. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Sexual Orientation Scholars filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of The American College of Pediatricians filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Liberty Justice Center filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Changed Movement filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of America's Future, Public Advocate of the United States, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Frontline Policy Council, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of American Unity Fund, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of The Anglican Church in North America, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Sexuality Research Scholar Amy E. Hamilton filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Institute for Free Speech filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Erin Lee, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Women's Liberation Front filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Manhattan Institute, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Joy Buchman, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of The Christian Medical, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Coloson Center for Christian Worldview, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of The Association of Certified Biblical Counselors Inc. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Christian Legal Society filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of American College of Pediatricians filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of America's Future, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Christian Medical and Dental Associations filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Association of Certified Biblical Counselors filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Medical Professionals filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Erin Brewer, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Iowa, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Liberty Counsel filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Do No Harm, Inc. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of International Foundation for Therapeutic and Counseling Choice filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of Our Duty-USA, et al. filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of The Alliance for Therapeutic Choice and Scientific Integrity filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of CatholicVote.org Education Fund filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amici curiae of First Amendment Scholars filed.
2025-06-13
Brief amicus curiae of Anthony M. Joseph filed.
2025-06-12
Brief amici curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation, et al. filed.
2025-06-12
Amicus brief of David A. Robinson submitted.
2025-06-12
Amicus brief of Family Research Council and Samaritan's Purse submitted.
2025-06-12
Amicus brief of The Lonang Institute submitted.
2025-06-12
Amicus brief of Association of American Physicians and Surgeons submitted.
2025-06-12
Amicus brief of Foundation for Moral Law submitted.
2025-06-12
Amicus brief of Pacific Legal Foundation submitted.
2025-06-12
Amicus brief of United States submitted.
2025-06-12
Brief amicus curiae of Association of American Physicians and Surgeons filed.
2025-06-12
Brief amicus curiae of Foundation for Moral Law filed.
2025-06-12
Brief amicus curiae of The Lonang Institute filed.
2025-06-12
Brief amici curiae of Family Research Council, et al. filed.
2025-06-12
Brief amicus curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation filed.
2025-06-12
Brief amicus curiae of United States filed.
2025-06-12
Brief amicus curiae of David A. Robinson filed.
2025-06-12
Brief amicus curiae of the United States filed.
2025-06-11
Amicus brief of Parties in Other First Amendment Cases Pending Before the Court submitted.
2025-06-11
Amicus brief of Professor Eugene Volokh submitted.
2025-06-11
Amicus brief of Catholic Licensed Counselors, Health Care Providers, Educators, Medical Ethicists, and Professional Organizations submitted.
2025-06-11
Amicus brief of Randy Elf submitted.
2025-06-11
Amicus brief of NC Values Institute and Advocates For Faith & Freedom submitted.
2025-06-11
Brief amicus curiae of Professor Eugene Volokh in support of neither party filed.
2025-06-11
Brief amici curiae of Plaintiffs in First Amendment cases pending before the Supreme Court in support of neither party filed.
2025-06-11
Brief amici curiae of Catholic Licensed Counselors, et al. filed.
2025-06-11
Brief amici curiae of NC Values Institute, et al. filed.
2025-06-11
Brief amicus curiae of Randy Elf filed.
2025-06-10
Amicus brief of Jaco Booyens Ministries, Ilonka Deaton, Tami Brown Rodriquez, and Truth in Education submitted.
2025-06-10
Brief amici curiae of Jaco Booyens Ministries, et al. filed.
2025-06-09
Amicus brief of American Association of Christian Counselors and David Wiedis submitted.
2025-06-09
Brief amici curiae of American Association of Christian Counselors et al. filed.
2025-06-06
Amicus brief of National Religious Broadcasters submitted.
2025-06-06
Brief of Kaley Chiles submitted.
2025-06-06
Joint Appendix submitted.
2025-06-06
Amicus brief of America's Frontline Doctors and Dr. Simone Gold, M.D., J.D. submitted.
2025-06-06
Brief amicus curiae of National Religious Broadcasters filed.
2025-06-06
Brief amici curiae of Legislators from 30 State Legislatures filed.
2025-06-06
Brief of petitioner Kaley Chiles filed.
2025-06-06
Joint appendix filed. (Statement of costs filed)
2025-06-06
Brief amici curiae of America's Frontline Doctors, et al. filed.
2025-06-05
Amicus brief of Joseph Nicolosi Jr., Ph.D. submitted.
2025-06-05
Brief amici curiae of Joseph Nicolosi, Jr., Ph.D., et al. filed.
2025-04-03
Motion to extend the time to file the briefs on the merits granted. The time to file the joint appendix and petitioner's brief on the merits is extended to and including June 6, 2025. The time to file respondents' brief on the merits is extended to and including August 19, 2025.
2025-03-31
Motion of Kaley Chiles for an extension of time submitted.
2025-03-31
Motion for an extension of time to file the briefs on the merits filed.
2025-03-10
Petition GRANTED.
2025-03-03
DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 3/7/2025.
2025-02-24
DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 2/28/2025.
2025-02-14
DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 2/21/2025.
2025-01-23
Rescheduled.
2025-01-15
Reply of Kaley Chiles submitted.
2025-01-15
Reply of petitioner Kaley Chiles filed. (Distributed)
2025-01-08
DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 1/24/2025.
2025-01-06
Brief of Patty Salazar, et al. in opposition submitted.
2025-01-06
Waiver of Kaley Chiles of the 14-day waiting period submitted.
2025-01-06
Waiver of the 14-day waiting period of Kaley Chiles submitted.
2025-01-06
Waiver of the 14-day waiting period for the distribution of the petition pursuant to Rule 15.5 filed by petitioner.
2025-01-06
Brief of respondents Patty Salazar, et al. in opposition filed. (Distributed)
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of Liberty Counsel submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of The Association of Certified Biblical Counselors Inc. submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of NC Values Institute and Advocates For Faith & Freedom submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of CHANGED Movement submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of CatholicVote.org Education Fund submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of Erin Lee, Lewis Jones and Brecken Jones submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of Foundation for Moral Law submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of Heartbeat International submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of Liberty Justice Center submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of American Association of Christian Counselors and David Wiedis submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of James Dobson Family Institute, Andrew Wommack Ministries, Truth and Liberty Coalition, Diocese of Colorado Springs, and The Colson Center For Christian Worldview submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of The Christian Medical and Dental Associations and The Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine submitted.
2024-12-13
Amicus brief of America's Frontline Doctors and Dr. Simone Gold, M.D., J.D. submitted.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of Erin Lee, et al. filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of The Christian Medical and Dental Associations, et al. filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of NC Values Institute et al. filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of America's Frontline Doctors et al. filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amicus curiae of Foundation for Moral Law filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amicus curiae of Heartbeat International filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of Iowa and 11 Other States filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of American Association of Christian Counselors, et al. filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amicus curiae of CatholicVote.org Education Fund filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amicus curiae of Changed Movement filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amicus curiae of Liberty Justice Center filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amicus curiae of The Association of Certified Biblical Counselors Inc. filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of Christian Medical and Dental Associations, et al. filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of NC Values Institute, et al. filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of America's Frontline Doctors, et al. filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of Iowa, et al. filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amicus curiae of Association of Certified Biblical Counselors filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amicus curiae of Liberty Counsel filed.
2024-12-13
Brief amici curiae of James Dobson Family Institute, et al. filed.
2024-12-09
Brief amicus curiae of Ethics and Public Policy Center filed.
2024-11-27
Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted in part, and the time is extended to and including January 6, 2025.
2024-11-25
Motion to extend the time to file a response from December 13, 2024 to February 11, 2025, submitted to The Clerk.
2024-11-08
Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due December 13, 2024)
Attorneys
27+ Lay Roman Catholics
James K. Riley — Amicus
America's Frontline Doctors and Dr. Simone Gold, M.D., J.D.
David Anthony Dalia — David A. Dalia, Amicus
America's Future, Public Advocate of the United States, Public Advocate Foundation, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund, One Nation Under God Foundation, Restoring Liberty Action Committee, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund
William Jeffrey Olson — William J. Olson, P.C., Amicus
American Association of Christian Counselors and David Wiedis
Sean Paul Gates — Charis Lex P.C., Amicus
American Psychological Association, et al.
Jessica Ring Amunson — Jenner & Block LLP, Amicus
American Unity Fund and Ethics & Public Policy Center
Megan Marie Wold — Cooper & Kirk, PLLC, Amicus
Americans for Prosperity Foundation and Mountain States Legal Foundation
Amici States of Washington, et al.
Anthony M. Joseph
Allan E. Parker Jr. — The Justice Foundation, Amicus
Association of American Physicians and Surgeons
Andrew L. Schlafly — Amicus
Catholic Licensed Counselors, Health Care Providers, Educators, Medical Ethicists, and Professional Organizations
Frederick W. Claybrook Jr. — Claybrook, LLC, Amicus
CatholicVote.org Education Fund
Scott William Gaylord — Amicus
CHANGED Movement
Christian Family Coalition (CFC) Florida, Inc.
Dennis Grossman — Amicus
Christian Legal Society
Constitutional Accountability Center
Constitutional Law and First Amendment Scholars
Conversion Therapy Survivor Network and 17 LGBTQ+ Survivors of Conversion Therapy
Shayna Medley — Advocates for Trans Equality, Amicus
David A. Robinson
Do No Harm, Inc.
David H. Thompson — Cooper & Kirk, PLLC, Amicus
Dr. Jack L. Turban and Dr. Lisa R. Fortuna
John Michael McHugh — Fennemore Craig, P.C., Amicus
Erin Brewer, et al.
Renee Kristine Carlson — True North Legal, Amicus
Erin Lee, Lewis Jones and Brecken Jones
Jon Bradley Bergford — Illumine Legal LLC, Amicus
Ethics and Public Policy Center
Jeffrey Michael Trissell — LiMandri & Jonna LLP, Amicus
Experts in Health Care Practice, Health Law, and Bioethics
Faith-Based Mental Health Professionals
Paul Alessio Mezzina — King & Spalding LLP, Amicus
Family Research Council and Samaritan's Purse
Christopher E. Mills — Spero Law LLC, Amicus
Former Conversion Therapy Leaders
Foundation for Moral Law
John Allen Eidsmoe — Foundation for Moral Law, Amicus
Fred T. Korematsu Center for Law and Equality, Center for Civil Rights and Critical Justice, Center on Race, Inequality, and the Law, and Center for Racial and Economic Justice
Freedom From Religion Foundation
Gregory Coles, Joshua Proctor, and Bill Henson
Guy Albert, PhD
Alice W. Yao — Potomac Law Group, Amicus
Health Law Scholars
Heartbeat International
Patrick Strawbridge — Consovoy McCarthy PLLC, Amicus
Institute for Free Speech
Owen Dennis Yeates — Institute for Free Speech, Amicus
International Foundation for Therapeutic and Counseling Choice
William Bock III — Kroger, Gardis & Regas, LLP, Amicus
International Law Scholar Paul Behrens
Iowa and 11 Other States
Jaco Booyens Ministries, Ilonka Deaton, Tami Brown Rodriquez, and Truth in Education
James Dobson Family Institute, Andrew Wommack Ministries, Truth and Liberty Coalition, Diocese of Colorado Springs, and The Colson Center For Christian Worldview
Michael Lee Francisco — First & Fourteenth PLLC, Amicus
Joy Buchman, Brian Tingley, Tammy Fournier, and Dan and Jennifer Mead
Kaley Chiles
James A. Campbell — Alliance Defending Freedom, Petitioner
John J. Bursch — Alliance Defending Freedom, Petitioner
Land-Surveyor and Civil-Engineer Trade Associations
Legal Ethics Professors
Melissa Claire Cassel — O'Melveny & Myers LLP, Amicus
Legislators from 30 State Legislatures
William Wagner — Great Lakes Justice Center, Amicus
Liberty Counsel
Mathew D. Staver — Amicus
Liberty Justice Center
Jacob H. Huebert — Liberty Justice Center, Amicus
Jeffrey Michael Schwab — Liberty Justice Center, Amicus
Manhattan Institute, Islam and Religious Freedom Action Team, Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty, and Dr. Dovid Schwartz
Ilya Shapiro — Manhattan Institute, Amicus
Mary Hasson, Eric Kniffin, Theresa Farnan, and Susan Selner-Wright
Thomas L. Brejcha Jr. — Thomas Moore Society, Amicus
Mathew Shurka
Ross McClintic Bagley — Pryor Cashman LLP, Amicus
Medical History Scholars and Historians
Medical Professionals
John Clay Sullivan — S|L Law PLLC, Amicus
Members of Congress
Conor Denali Tucker — Steptoe LLP, Amicus
National Religious Broadcasters
Natl Assn of Scholars
NC Values Institute and Advocates For Faith & Freedom
Deborah Dewart — Amicus
Our Duty-USA, Luke Healy, Ari, Chloe Brockman, Soren Aldaco, and Kayla Lovdahl
Daniel Julian Cragg — Eckland & Blando, Amicus
Pacific Legal Foundation
Parents of Conversion-Therapy Participants and Clergy Supporting Families Affected by Conversion Therapy
Parties in Other First Amendment Cases Pending Before the Court
Samuel Bracken Gedge — Institute for Justice, Amicus
Patty Salazar, et al.
Shannon Wells Stevenson — Colorado Department of Law, Respondent
PFLAG, Inc., One Colorado, National Center for Youth Law, National Center for LGBTQ Rights, National Health Law Program, Rocky Mountain Equality, Services and Advocacy for Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Elders
Professor Clifford J. Rosky, Professor Lisa M. Diamond
Professor Eugene Volokh
Professors of Law, Medicine, and Public Health
Kathleen Roberta Hartnett — Cooley LLP, Amicus
Randy Elf
Randolph Scott Elf — Amicus
Religious Organizations
Ryan M. Kendall, Jessica Ritter, Matt Salmon, Adrienne Smith, Lillian Lennon, Adam Trimmer, David Beltran, and Garrard Conley
Sexual Orientation Scholars
Sexuality Research Scholar Amy E. Hamilton
Randall L. Wenger — Independence Law Center, Amicus
Steven D. Smith
Stewart Heatwole, Karen Napolitano, David Palmieri, Patrick Tiernan, and Timothy Uhl
Justin Richard Rassi — Debevoise & Plimpton LLP, Amicus
The Alliance for Therapeutic Choice and Scientific Integrity
Nicholas Patrick Miller — Schaerr Jaffe LLP, Amicus
The American College of Pediatricians
Gene Clayton Schaerr — Schaerr | Jaffe, Amicus
The Anglican Church in North America, et al.
Richard Shawn Gunnarson — Kirton McConkie, Amicus
The Association of Certified Biblical Counselors Inc.
The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
The Christian Medical and Dental Associations and The Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine
Kristine Lee Brown — Attorney At Law, Amicus
The Lonang Institute
The Trevor Project, Inc., American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, and the National Alliance on Mental Illness
The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, et al.
Nicholas J. Nelson — CrossCastle PLLC, Amicus
The Williams Institute
United States
D. John Sauer — Solicitor General, Amicus
Moez Mansoor Kaba — Hueston Hennigan LLP, Amicus
Women's Liberation Front