Judgment REVERSED and case REMANDED. Gorsuch, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Roberts, C. J., and Thomas, Sotomayor, Kagan, Kavanaugh, Barrett, and Jackson, JJ., joined. Alito, J., filed a dissenting opinion.

Argued. For petitioner: Adam G. Unikowsky, Washington, D. C. For respondent: Joshua K. Handell, Assistant to the Solicitor General, Department of Justice, Washington, D. C.

Reply of petitioner Isabel Rico filed. (Distributed)

Reply of Isabel Rico submitted.

CIRCULATED

Motion to dispense with printing the joint appendix filed by petitioner GRANTED.

Record received electronically from the United States District Court for the Central District of California and available with the Clerk.

Brief of United States submitted.

Brief of respondent United States filed.

Sealed material received electronically from the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and available with the Clerk. The remainder of the record is electronic and is available on PACER.

Brief amicus curiae of Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center filed.

Brief amicus curiae of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers filed.

Amicus brief of National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers submitted.

Amicus brief of Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center submitted.

Brief amicus curiae of Due Process Institute filed.

Amicus brief of Due Process Institute submitted.

Record requested from the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.

Brief amicus curiae of National Association of Federal Defenders filed.

Amicus brief of National Association of Federal Defenders submitted.

Brief of petitioner Isabel Rico filed.

Brief of Isabel Rico submitted.

SET FOR ARGUMENT on Monday, November 3, 2025.

Motion to dispense with printing the joint appendix filed by petitioner Isabel Rico.

Motion of Isabel Rico to dispense with joint appendix submitted.

Petition GRANTED.

Reply of Isabel Rico submitted.

DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 6/26/2025.

Reply of petitioner Isabel Rico filed. (Distributed)

Waiver of the 14-day waiting period for the distribution of the petition pursuant to Rule 15.5 filed by petitioner.

Brief of respondent United States in opposition filed.

Brief of United States in opposition submitted.

Waiver of Isabel Rico of the 14-day waiting period submitted.

Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including June 6, 2025.

Motion to extend the time to file a response from May 7, 2025 to June 6, 2025, submitted to The Clerk.

Motion of United States for an extension of time submitted.

Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due May 7, 2025)