1. Whether, in light of Taamneh, the Court should grant, vacate, and remand for further proceedings.

2. Whether plaintiffs plead proximate causation as required for ATA direct liability by alleging that defendants transacted with a foreign-government agency that was in turn infiltrated by the group that injured plaintiffs.

3. Whether a U.S.-designated foreign terrorist organization "plan[s]" or "authorize[s]" a specific attack—as required for ATA aiding-and-abetting liability—by providing general support or inspiration to a different group that carries out the attack.

Whether ATA aiding-and-abetting liability requires conscious-voluntary-culpable-participation