Steven Antonius, aka Sealed Defendant 1, Shervington Lovell, aka Sealed Defendant 1, and Argemiro Zapata-Castro, aka Sealed Defendant 1 v. United States
1. Whether the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act, 46 U.S.C. §§ 70503(a)(1) and 70506, expands federal criminal jurisdiction beyond what would have been permitted when the Constitution was ratified and is an improper expansion of "universal jurisdiction."
2. Whether Article I, Section 8, Clause 10 of the United States Constitution authorizes, or the Fifth Amendment's Due Process Clause prohibits, federal criminal prosecution of a foreign national, arrested in a foreign country, for conduct that lacks any nexus with the United States.
Whether the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act expands federal criminal jurisdiction beyond what was permitted at the Constitution's ratification and is an improper expansion of 'universal jurisdiction'