1. Whether separation of powers principles require courts to resolve ambiguity in statutory limits on delegations of vast legislative power to the Executive in a way that constrains the delegation or, as the Federal Circuit holds, courts must uphold the President's actions absent "a clear misconstruction of the governing statute."

2. Whether, under the proper standard of review, the Trade Expansion Act of 1968 permitted the President to impose tariffs on steel derivatives without complying with the statute's procedural prerequisites.

Whether separation of powers principles require courts to resolve ambiguity in statutory limits on delegations of legislative power to the Executive