(1) Whether the residual clause of "or otherwise " of the federal kidnapping statute, 18 U.S.C. § 1201, is void for vagueness under the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment?

(2) Whether the mere use of an instrumentality of interstate commerce – driving a car on a street – empowers Congress to federalize a wholly intrastate, noneconomic, violent crime?

Whether the residual clause of 'or otherwise' of the federal kidnapping statute, 18 U.S.C. § 1201, is void for vagueness under the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment?