Whether the "jurisdictional element" contained within 18 U.S.C. § 247, standing alone, serves to authorize congressional enactment of a criminal statute regulating non-economic acts of obstruction of another's free exercise of religion, under the "substantially affects" category of the Commerce Clause.

Whether the 'jurisdictional element' contained within 18 U.S.C. § 247, standing alone, serves to authorize congressional enactment of a criminal statute regulating non-economic acts of obstruction of another's free exercise of religion, under the 'substantially affects' category of the Commerce Clause