I. Did the district court violate the Fifth Amendment's Due Process Clause and the
Sixth Amendment's Jury Trial Clause when it directed a verdict on 18 U.S.C.
§ 924(c) 's "crime-of-violence" element, without instructing the jury that it had to
find an element of violent force to convict on the underlying robbery counts?

II. Whether Section 403 of the First Step Act of 2018 applies to defendants with direct
appeals pending at the time of the Act's enactment?

III. In light of Congress's enactment of Section 403 of the First Step Act, should this
Court overrule Deal v. United States, 508 U.S. 129 (1993)?

Did the district court violate the Fifth Amendment's Due Process Clause and the Sixth Amendment's Jury Trial Clause