Whether a court must apply the modified categorical approach to determine whether a verdict of conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) necessarily rests on a valid predicate offense, as this Court directed in United States v. Davis, 139 S. Ct. 2319 (2019), Mathis v. United States, 136 S. Ct. 2243 (2016), and Shepard v. United States, 544 U.S. 13 (2005), or whether it may affirm such a § 924(c) conviction if it is merely possible that the jury relied on a valid predicate offense.

Whether a court must apply the modified categorical approach to determine whether a verdict of conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) necessarily rests on a valid predicate offense