1. Whether a police officer's subject ive intent should be considered in the context of a Fourth Amendment analysis involving a pretextual stop and unreasonable search and seizure, notwithstanding the holding in Whren v. United States, 517 U.S. 806 (1996) (Scalia, J.) .

2. Whether the Fourt h Amendme nt is violated when a police officer make s a pretextual , investigatory stop by aggressively pursuing a motorist for a prolonged period of time until a traffic violation occurs, thereby creating the probable cause necessary for the Automobile Exception to the warrant requirement.

Whether a police officer's subjective intent should be considered in the context of a Fourth Amendment analysis involving a pretextual stop and unreasonable search and seizure