What procedural safeguards are afforded to federal criminal defendants when an Appellate Court panel exercises its discretion in deciding whether or not to allow an individual to proceed by way of self-representation on direct appeal from their criminal convictions?

Did the Federal Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit violate due process if the court unjustifiably deprived a defendant's request for self-representation on direct appeal from their criminal convictions?

What procedural safeguards are afforded to federal criminal defendants when an Appellate Court panel exercises its discretion in deciding whether or not to allow an individual to proceed by way of self-representation on direct appeal from their criminal convictions?