Whether a prior conviction must be alleged in the indictment before a defendant is subjected to enhanced punishment under 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b), thereby overturning Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 244 (1998), in light of the reasoning of Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000), and Alleyne v. United States, 570 U.S. 99 (2013).

Whether a prior conviction must be alleged in the indictment before a defendant is subjected to enhanced punishment under 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b)