Did the Fifth Court of Appeals abuse it's discretion when it denied the Petitioner's motion for a certificate of appealability (COA) because Deem failed to demonstrate that jurists of reason could conclude the issues presented are adequate to deserve encouragement to proceed further?

Does an actual innocence "claim" have to be proven before a COA will issue, or is the "claim" itself enough to entitle the Petitioner to a hearing on the merits of that claim?

Whether the Fifth Circuit abused its discretion in denying a certificate of appealability on petitioner's actual-innocence claim